It probably doesn't directly affect us, since we don't use `after_commit` callbacks, and, among our dependencies, AFAIK only the Devise gem uses them, to send the email with confirmation/reconfirmation instructions. The reasons for this change are explained in the guide to configure Rails [1], while the pull request introducing the change has a couple of great examples in its description [2]. [1] https://guides.rubyonrails.org/v7.1/configuring.html#config-active-record-run-commit-callbacks-on-first-saved-instances-in-transaction [2] Pull request 45280 in https://github.com/rails/rails